Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology

Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Renal Failure Following an Intentional Overdose of Stacker 3 (A Caffeine-Containing Weight-Reduction Supplement): Mi-Jin Lee; J Korean Soc Clin Toxicol. 2010;8(1):46-49. Published online June 30, 2010

Abstract PDF: "Stacker 3" is one of the most popular caffeine-containing weight-reduction supplements and it has ephedra-free properties as "Stacker 2 Ephedra-Free" in many countries, including Korea. We describe here a 26-year-old woman who took an acute intentional overdose of "Stacker 3"(approximately 50 capsules, total amount: 25 grams, as caffeine 250 mg/kg) and who had delirium, rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. She had to be treated by forced diuresis and urine alkalinization, and she subsequently recovered. This is the first such case report in the medical literature.

Esophageal Stricture and Acute Renal Failure after Formic Acid Poisoning: - A Case Report -: Kyung-Il Song; J Korean Soc Clin Toxicol. 2009;7(1):32-37. Published online June 30, 2009

Abstract PDF: Formic acid or formate is a common industrial compound used in the production of ensilage, disinfectants, decalcifying agents and mainly as a precursor in industrial chemical synthesis. It is also a well-known toxic metabolite produced in methanol poisoning. Thus, formate is a potential source of both accidental and deliberate poisoning. Very few reports have been published thus far, on the toxicology of direct formic acid poisoning. Here, we report a case of a 74-year-old man without a history of depression, who ingested about 30 gm of formic acid. The patient presented with profound high anion gap metabolic acidosis, acute renal failure and esophageal stricture. The patient was successfully treated with hemodialysis and supportive measures. But permanent esophageal stricture was complicated by formic acid burns in the gastrointestinal tract. We discuss the pathophysiology and treatment of this case.

A Case of Hair Neutralizer Induced Non-oliguric Acute Renal Failure: Ah Jin Kim, Kyung Hwan Kim, Jun Seok Park, Dong Wun Shin; J Korean Soc Clin Toxicol. 2005;3(2):119-121. Published online December 31, 2005

Abstract PDF: Sodium bromate or potassium bromate has been used as hair cold neutralizer. Sodium bromate intoxications occurred in children incidentally early days of marketing, but recently in adult suicidally. This chemical intoxication result in renal failure, ototoxicity, neurotoxicity, hemolytic anemia and so on. We experienced a 39-year-old woman of hairdresser with non-oliguric acute renal failure after ingestion hair neutralizer 500 ml. She received hemodialysis 3 times and discharged without complication on 8th admission days.

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